|
Subjective validation, sometimes called personal validation effect, is a cognitive bias by which a person will consider a statement or another piece of information to be correct if it has any personal meaning or significance to them.〔Forer, B.R. (1949) "The Fallacy of Personal Validation: A classroom Demonstration of Gullibility," Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 44, 118-121.〕 In other words, a person whose opinion is affected by subjective validation will perceive two unrelated events (i.e., a coincidence) to be related because their personal belief demands that they be related. Closely related to the Forer effect, subjective validation is an important element in cold reading. It is considered to be the main reason behind most reports of paranormal phenomena.〔Cline, Austin. (Flaws in Reasoning and Arguments: Subjective Validation, Seeing Patterns & Connections That Aren't Really There ), ''About.com'', September 10, 2007. Accessed January 10, 2008.〕 According to Bob Carroll, psychologist Ray Hyman is considered to be the foremost expert on subjective validation and cold reading. ==See also== * Belief * Confirmation bias * David Marks (psychologist) * List of biases in judgment and decision making * Self-deception * Self propaganda * True-believer syndrome 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「subjective validation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|